Ancient Travel Advice: Safety and Survival
In ancient times, travel was fraught with dangers, from bandits to harsh terrain. The earliest recorded travel advice comes from Mesopotamian and Egyptian sources, where traders and explorers were urged to prepare for long journeys with ample provisions, protective amulets, and knowledge of local customs.
- The Greeks and Romans: Ancient Greek and Roman travellers often relied on detailed itineraries, such as the "Periplus of the Erythraean Sea," a guide for navigating the Indian Ocean trade routes. Roman military and commercial travellers were advised to carry letters of introduction and to stay in official lodging houses, as inns were often unsafe.
- The Silk Road: Traders on the Silk Road were warned about the perils of bandit attacks, extreme weather, and dishonest merchants. Caravan leaders advised travellers to join large groups, hire armed guards, and always have a trusted interpreter.
Medieval Travel Advice: Pilgrimage and Precaution
During the medieval period, religious pilgrimages were a common reason for travel. Guides such as "The Pilgrim’s Guide to Santiago de Compostela" provided detailed routes, safe resting places, and warnings about dangerous regions.
- Pilgrims and Merchants: Travellers were encouraged to dress modestly to avoid drawing attention, learn basic phrases in local languages, and carry money in concealed pouches.
- Marco Polo’s Advice: The famous Venetian traveller Marco Polo advised traders to build relationships with local rulers, respect cultural traditions, and adapt to local customs for successful business dealings. shutdown123